Linux

Expand disk with LVM

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This article will guide to expand disk with LVM. My scenario is I install linux in virtual machine VMWare. And I use VMWare to expand disk (sdb) from 80G to 160G. So now, I need to setup linux machine to use expanded disk.

At the first, check disks with fdisk

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$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 80 GiB, 85899345920 bytes, 167772160 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x5c9902c7
 
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 * 2048 499711 497664 243M 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 501758 167770111 167268354 79.8G 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 501760 167770111 167268352 79.8G 8e Linux LVM
 
Disk /dev/sdb: 160 GiB, 171798691840 bytes, 335544320 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x3236c046
 
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1 2048 167772159 167770112 80G 8e Linux LVM
 
Disk /dev/mapper/sonnst--vg2-lvol0: 80 GiB, 85895151616 bytes, 167763968 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/sonnst--vg-root: 77.7 GiB, 83454066688 bytes, 162996224 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/sonnst--vg-swap_1: 2 GiB, 2143289344 bytes, 4186112 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

You can see in the output that /dev/sdb is 160 Gb. However, we just create a partition sdb1 (80G).

So use fdisk to add a new partition sdb2  (type Linux LVM)

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$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdb
 
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.25.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
 
 
Command (m for help): m
 
Help:
 
DOS (MBR)
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit nested BSD disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
 
Generic
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
n add a new partition
p print the partition table
t change a partition type
v verify the partition table
 
Misc
m print this menu
u change display/entry units
x extra functionality (experts only)
 
Save & Exit
w write table to disk and exit
q quit without saving changes
 
Create a new label
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create a new empty SGI (IRIX) partition table
o create a new empty DOS partition table
s create a new empty Sun partition table
 
 
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2):
First sector (167772160-335544319, default 167772160):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (167772160-335544319, default 335544319):
 
Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux' and of size 80 GiB.
 
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 2
Hex code (type L to list all codes): l
 
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary
16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE
18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT
1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
 
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'.
 
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Re-reading the partition table failed.: Device or resource busy
 
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8).

Step 2, create physical volume with pvcreate:

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thanhson1085@sonnst:~$ sudo pvcreate /dev/sdb2
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created
thanhson1085@sonnst:~$ sudo pvdisplay
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdb1
  VG Name               sonnst-vg2
  PV Size               80.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              20479
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          20479
  PV UUID               lyjbbo-VZxn-PZd0-wyBQ-iLFv-H9De-iwi0NT
  
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda5
  VG Name               sonnst-vg
  PV Size               79.76 GiB / not usable 2.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              20418
  Free PE               10
  Allocated PE          20408
  PV UUID               NtHuvl-Agge-5Kmo-MLHq-lTvs-u6Q1-eCgTbD
  
  "/dev/sdb2" is a new physical volume of "80.00 GiB"
  --- NEW Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdb2
  VG Name              
  PV Size               80.00 GiB
  Allocatable           NO
  PE Size               0  
  Total PE              0
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               5V8VSW-XYhc-l7YK-Xgom-S0ya-FxFu-111gNW

Step 3, extend volume group:

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thanhson1085@sonnst:~$ sudo vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               sonnst-vg2
  System ID            
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  2
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                1
  Open LV               1
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               80.00 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              20479
  Alloc PE / Size       20479 / 80.00 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       0 / 0  
  VG UUID               pjea3V-vhMI-omeF-EvF0-QxfC-FIUy-DvvmwX
  
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               sonnst-vg
  System ID            
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  3
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               79.76 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              20418
  Alloc PE / Size       20408 / 79.72 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       10 / 40.00 MiB
  VG UUID               vZwRqI-Nx1j-WzmV-tShM-PsMG-KHeH-dFNf1u
  
 
$ sudo vgextend sonnst-vg2 /dev/sdb2
  Volume group "sonnst-vg2" successfully extended
thanhson1085@sonnst:~$ sudo lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/sonnst-vg2/lvol0
  LV Name                lvol0
  VG Name                sonnst-vg2
  LV UUID                Bwnffm-61lW-PaP4-dcli-4e6J-BDuP-6V6b9L
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time sonnst, 2014-12-04 20:56:24 +0700
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                80.00 GiB
  Current LE             20479
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           252:0
  
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/sonnst-vg/root
  LV Name                root
  VG Name                sonnst-vg
  LV UUID                UAgPC2-0lT0-qf6E-Gaa1-o5D9-kudc-aX43M9
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time sonnst, 2014-12-05 10:22:10 +0700
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                77.72 GiB
  Current LE             19897
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           252:1

Extend logical volume

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$ sudo lvextend -L +79G /dev/sonnst-vg2/lvol0
  Extending logical volume lvol0 to 159.00 GiB
  Logical volume lvol0 successfully resized

Finally, re-size file system:

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thanhson1085@sonnst:~$ sudo resize2fs /dev/sonnst-vg2/lvol0
resize2fs 1.42.10 (18-May-2014)
Filesystem at /dev/sonnst-vg2/lvol0 is mounted on /var/data; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 5, new_desc_blocks = 10
The filesystem on /dev/sonnst-vg2/lvol0 is now 41679872 blocks long.

 

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